Ⅰ.Production Introduction and the Classification
The geomat (three-dimensional net, three-dimensional geomat, geomat, plastic mat, three-dimensional vegetation net) is a new slope-based grass protection material with the three-dimensional structure, being suitable for soil and water conservation. The product can effectively prevent soil erosion, increase green area and improve ecological environment.
The role of the geomat: before the turf is not grown, it can protect the surface of the soil from wind and rain, and stabilize the grass seed at the beginning of planting; the composite protective layer formed after the plant grows can withstand high water level, and the rain washes with large flow rate; it can replace slope protection materials such as concrete, asphalt and riprap, etc., and is mainly used for slope protection of roads, railways, rivers, dams and hillsides.
。
Three-dimensional vegetation net for slope protection refers to a new technology that uses active plants and combined with engineering materials such as synthetic materials for civil engineering to build a protective system with its own growth ability on the slope and reinforce the slope through plant growth. According to the characteristics of slope topography, soil quality and regional climate, the surface of the slope is covered with a layer of synthetic materials for civil engineering and plants are planted according to certain combinations and distance. Through the growth activities of plants, the roots are reinforced, and the stem leaves are protected against erosion. After the treatment of the ecological slope protection technology, dense vegetation cover can be formed on the slope surface, and many roots are formed in the topsoil, effectively inhibiting the erosion of slopes by storm runoff, increasing the anti-shear strength of soil, reducing the water pressure of pore and the self-gravity of soil, thereby greatly improving the stability and erosion resistance of slope.
The role of three-dimensional vegetation net for slope protection
The three-dimensional vegetation net for slope protection combines the advantages of geomat and slope protection of plants, and plays a role in compound slope protection. When the vegetation coverage of the slope reaches 30% or more, the mat can withstand the scouring of light rain, and withstand the torrential rain when the coverage rate reaches 80% or more. When the plants are flourishing, the product can resist the erosion at the the runoff velocity of 6m/s. This kind of resistance is more than twice that of the general turf. The existence of the geonet has a good effect on reducing the evaporation of water in the slope soil and increasing the infiltration. At the same time, because the net material for civil engineering is black polyethylene, it has the function of heat absorption and heat preservation, which can promote seed germination and is beneficial to plant growth.
Ⅱ.Construction Process
Slope treatment: cleaning up the pell-mell stones and debris on the slope, and filling the low-lying area to ensure that the slope is smooth.
Ⅲ.Laying three-dimensional net
(1) Laying: The three-dimensional vegetation net is laid on the slope from top to bottom along the slope, and the combination between the net and the slope are kept smoothly.
(2) Pre-burying The three-dimensional net is spread over 40~80cm when it is laid on the top of slope, and is buried in the soil and compacted.
(3) Anchoring The three-dimensional net is fixed with a U-shaped steel bar of ф6mm or more from bottom to top. The U-shaped steel bar is about 15~30cm long and about 8mm wide. The distance of the U-shaped steel bar is about 1.5~2.5m, and 8#U-shaped nails or bamboo nails are used for the auxiliary fixing in the middle.
(4) Covering soil After the three-dimensional vegetation net is laid, the soil is evenly covered on the three-dimensional vegetation net, and the screen pack is covered until there is no blank to ensure that the soil thickness of three-dimensional vegetation net is not less than 12mm. Then, the fertilizer, auxin, and cement are uniformly mixed in a certain ratio and applied to the surface layer. The fertilizer is compound fertilizer （the proportion is nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 15:15:15 or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:8:7) and N-containing organic matter, and the amount of fertilizer is about 30 ~ 50g / m2.
Spray Seeding: After the backfill of soil is completed, hydraulic spraying is carried out, that is, the grass seeds (sprayed at a rate of about 25 grams per square) are mixed with the adhesives, wooden fiber, fertilizer, auxin, moisturizer and water which can promote the growth of seeds in a certain proportion to form a uniform mixture. And then it can be evenly sprayed on the slope surface by using a hydraulic spray-seeding machine.
Covering: After the grass spraying is completed, the surface of the slope is covered with non-woven fabric to maintain the water content on the slope and reduce the erosion of seeds by the rain and then promote the seed growth. If the temperature is too high, there is no need to cover it to avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases.
Ⅳ.Maintenance Management
After the grass spraying is completed, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance until the grass grows into lawn. When the lawn is about 5cm long, the non-woven fabric can be uncovered.
Ⅴ.The mass per unit area, the dimension and the deviation
Items | EM₂ | EM3 | EM4 | EM5 |
Mass per unit area / (g/m2) | ≥220 | ≥260 | ≥350 | ≥430 |
Thickness / m | ≥10 | ≥12 | ≥14 | ≥16 |
Width deviation / m | +0.1 0 | |||
Length deviation / m | +1 0 | |||
Ⅵ.Tensile Strength
项 目 Items | EM₂ | EM3 | EM4 | EM5 |
Longitudinal tensile strength / (KN / m) | ≥0.80 | ≥1.4 | ≥2.0 | ≥3.2 |
Transverse tensile strength / (KN / m) | ≥0.80 | ≥1.4 | ≥2.0 | ≥3.2 |
Ⅰ.Production Introduction and the Classification
The geomat (three-dimensional net, three-dimensional geomat, geomat, plastic mat, three-dimensional vegetation net) is a new slope-based grass protection material with the three-dimensional structure, being suitable for soil and water conservation. The product can effectively prevent soil erosion, increase green area and improve ecological environment.
The role of the geomat: before the turf is not grown, it can protect the surface of the soil from wind and rain, and stabilize the grass seed at the beginning of planting; the composite protective layer formed after the plant grows can withstand high water level, and the rain washes with large flow rate; it can replace slope protection materials such as concrete, asphalt and riprap, etc., and is mainly used for slope protection of roads, railways, rivers, dams and hillsides.
。
Three-dimensional vegetation net for slope protection refers to a new technology that uses active plants and combined with engineering materials such as synthetic materials for civil engineering to build a protective system with its own growth ability on the slope and reinforce the slope through plant growth. According to the characteristics of slope topography, soil quality and regional climate, the surface of the slope is covered with a layer of synthetic materials for civil engineering and plants are planted according to certain combinations and distance. Through the growth activities of plants, the roots are reinforced, and the stem leaves are protected against erosion. After the treatment of the ecological slope protection technology, dense vegetation cover can be formed on the slope surface, and many roots are formed in the topsoil, effectively inhibiting the erosion of slopes by storm runoff, increasing the anti-shear strength of soil, reducing the water pressure of pore and the self-gravity of soil, thereby greatly improving the stability and erosion resistance of slope.
The role of three-dimensional vegetation net for slope protection
The three-dimensional vegetation net for slope protection combines the advantages of geomat and slope protection of plants, and plays a role in compound slope protection. When the vegetation coverage of the slope reaches 30% or more, the mat can withstand the scouring of light rain, and withstand the torrential rain when the coverage rate reaches 80% or more. When the plants are flourishing, the product can resist the erosion at the the runoff velocity of 6m/s. This kind of resistance is more than twice that of the general turf. The existence of the geonet has a good effect on reducing the evaporation of water in the slope soil and increasing the infiltration. At the same time, because the net material for civil engineering is black polyethylene, it has the function of heat absorption and heat preservation, which can promote seed germination and is beneficial to plant growth.
Ⅱ.Construction Process
Slope treatment: cleaning up the pell-mell stones and debris on the slope, and filling the low-lying area to ensure that the slope is smooth.
Ⅲ.Laying three-dimensional net
(1) Laying: The three-dimensional vegetation net is laid on the slope from top to bottom along the slope, and the combination between the net and the slope are kept smoothly.
(2) Pre-burying The three-dimensional net is spread over 40~80cm when it is laid on the top of slope, and is buried in the soil and compacted.
(3) Anchoring The three-dimensional net is fixed with a U-shaped steel bar of ф6mm or more from bottom to top. The U-shaped steel bar is about 15~30cm long and about 8mm wide. The distance of the U-shaped steel bar is about 1.5~2.5m, and 8#U-shaped nails or bamboo nails are used for the auxiliary fixing in the middle.
(4) Covering soil After the three-dimensional vegetation net is laid, the soil is evenly covered on the three-dimensional vegetation net, and the screen pack is covered until there is no blank to ensure that the soil thickness of three-dimensional vegetation net is not less than 12mm. Then, the fertilizer, auxin, and cement are uniformly mixed in a certain ratio and applied to the surface layer. The fertilizer is compound fertilizer （the proportion is nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 15:15:15 or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:8:7) and N-containing organic matter, and the amount of fertilizer is about 30 ~ 50g / m2.
Spray Seeding: After the backfill of soil is completed, hydraulic spraying is carried out, that is, the grass seeds (sprayed at a rate of about 25 grams per square) are mixed with the adhesives, wooden fiber, fertilizer, auxin, moisturizer and water which can promote the growth of seeds in a certain proportion to form a uniform mixture. And then it can be evenly sprayed on the slope surface by using a hydraulic spray-seeding machine.
Covering: After the grass spraying is completed, the surface of the slope is covered with non-woven fabric to maintain the water content on the slope and reduce the erosion of seeds by the rain and then promote the seed growth. If the temperature is too high, there is no need to cover it to avoid the occurrence of pests and diseases.
Ⅳ.Maintenance Management
After the grass spraying is completed, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance until the grass grows into lawn. When the lawn is about 5cm long, the non-woven fabric can be uncovered.
Ⅴ.The mass per unit area, the dimension and the deviation
Items | EM₂ | EM3 | EM4 | EM5 |
Mass per unit area / (g/m2) | ≥220 | ≥260 | ≥350 | ≥430 |
Thickness / m | ≥10 | ≥12 | ≥14 | ≥16 |
Width deviation / m | +0.1 0 | |||
Length deviation / m | +1 0 | |||
Ⅵ.Tensile Strength
项 目 Items | EM₂ | EM3 | EM4 | EM5 |
Longitudinal tensile strength / (KN / m) | ≥0.80 | ≥1.4 | ≥2.0 | ≥3.2 |
Transverse tensile strength / (KN / m) | ≥0.80 | ≥1.4 | ≥2.0 | ≥3.2 |
